Smallest named subdivisions of lung volumes.Surfactant is the primary cause of lung hysteresis (see section on compliance).Hydrostatic pressure in tissue around capillaries and encourages fluid exudation). Keep alveoli dry (high surface tension →.Stability of alveoli (without surfactant, the higher surface tension in smaller alveoli would result in a higher luminal pressure → When this occurs, their intermolecular repulsive forces counteract the attracting forces between the molecules of the surface liquid.DPPC forms a monolayer at the gas-fluid interface, with the hydrophilic heads towards the water and hydrophobic tails towards the gas.Produced by Type II alveolar epithelial cells.DPPC is amphipathic (charged choline head, hydrophobic.Surfactant is mainly phospholipid (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine DPPC), some protein and carbohydrate.
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